vulvar cellulitis slideshare
The incidence of VIN 3 is approximately 2.86 per 100,000 women in the United States ( Judson, 2006 ). [slideshare.net] See: illustration ; colpitis macularis Symptoms T. vaginalis causes persistent burning, redness, and itching of . Candidal vulvovaginitis is responsible for about one-third of cases. Associate Prof.Dr Aisha Elbareg lecture on CS. The infection usually involves the face, or the arms and legs. A vaginal boil (also called a furuncle or skin abscess) is a painful, pus-filled bump that develops under the skin in your pubic area. This can include infections, injuries, allergies, or irritants. Recognition and timely treatment remain universal to skin and soft-tissue infections as the subcutaneous anatomy of the vulva can facili 30. syndrome, labyrinthitis, benign paroxysmal positional vertigo, ear infections, tumors, or trauma. If the cyst becomes . Viral infections may mimic lesions. 1, 2 There are several histological types, whereas squamous cell carcinoma of the vulva is the most common category (95%), followed by melanoma, sarcoma, and basalioma. The inner set, called the labia minora, are small and hairless. Skin lesions are mainly typical of those found elsewhere on the body, and are found on the outer aspects of the vulva, the labia majora, extending to the groin. CTG lecture for undergraduates by Associate Prof.Dr Aisha Elbareg, Puerperium lecture by Associate Prof.Dr. ICD-10-CM Diagnosis Code L03.811. Thickened or whitish patches 2. b Vulval malignancies account for about 4% - 5% of all genital malignancies b 1.7. per 1,00,000 females, the lesion is rare The distribution varies from 3.5 % amongst genital malignancy. 2 . D. Femoral artery. vaginal discharge dr.hafsa asim. Local signs of inflammation (warmth, erythema, and pain) are present in most cellulitis cases. Necrotizing fasciitis is a rare, but potentially devastating, sequela of vulvar skin and soft tissue infection . Learn how much an Incision and Drainage of Abscess on Vulva costs in Mesa, Arizona. Activate your 30 day free trialto unlock unlimited reading. comissura vulvar - Diccionari d'anatomia. Many women seek care for vulvar, vaginal, or pelvic complaints. the Bartholin's glands, 2 small glands each side of the vagina. Recovery from vulvar conditions may take weeks, months or longer. Bacterial Infections Gonorrhea may be asymptomatic, but there may be vulvar pruritus, . foreign coin exchange machines near me; what does orange mean on waze; southwest flight status pvd Lung infections like Valley fever or histoplasmosis can happen in people who live in or visit certain areas. minor pain. Definition Cellulitis is a skin infection that develops as a result of bacterial entry via breaches in the skin barrier. Primary care providers should possess a solid understanding of the differential diagnosis and treatment of gynecologic infections. Foul-smelling vaginal discharge. Possible signs of vulvar cancer include bleeding or itching. Weve updated our privacy policy so that we are compliant with changing global privacy regulations and to provide you with insight into the limited ways in which we use your data. The vulva is the outer parts of the female genitals, including the labia, which are often called the lips, and the clitoris. Cellulitis is a bacterial skin and soft tissue infection which occurs when the physical skin barrier, the immune system and/or the circulatory system are impaired. Vulvar intraepithelial neoplasia (VIN) is defined as squamous atypia of the vulva (Fig. Some infections can be more serious. Med 5 Sepsis, neonatal conjunctivitis (ophthalmia neonatorum), meningitis, and arthritis are . In the female, genital tract infections can be divided between lower genital tract (vulva, vagina, and cervix) and upper genital tract (uterus, fallopian tubes, ovaries, and abdominal cavity) infections. irritation. vaginal discharge dr.hafsa asim. The most common bacteria to cause cellulitis are various types of streptococci and Staphylococcus aureus. A Bartholin's abscess occurs when the Bartholin's gland, located on either side of the opening of the vagina, becomes obstructed. Purpose An abscess is a pus-filled sore, usually caused by a bacterial infection. Genital herpes infection. Cellulitis is a deep bacterial infection of the skin. Intense itching. 2. Genital warts. 1051 Views Download Presentation. Lesions are on sun-exposed or protected skin. Sexually transmitted infections. It includes the mons pubis, labia major and minor, clitoris, and the urethral and vaginal openings. Itching 2. Viral infections may mimic lesions. Among these conditions; infections, benign swellings, and premalignant conditions are the commonest. Other causes may include human or animal bites, or injuries that occur in water. von | Jun 17, 2022 | tornadoes of 1965 |. Infections of the vulva can present a complex differential to the gynecologist, ranging from superficial skin infections to life-threatening necrotizing fasciitis. We've encountered a problem, please try again. Any woman with certain allergies, sensitivities, infections, or diseases can develop it. . It's a symptom that can result from an array of diseases. It is important that clinicians appreciate the relative risks imposed by this condition. The vulva consists of the external genitals of a woman. Candida. Also, yearly only 0.3% of individuals newly diagnosed with any cancer have Vulvar Cancer. Backup Camera With Small Monitor, astros vs yankees cheating. Scrotal abscesses: Scrotal wall abscess with a thickened hypervascularized skin and small abscess Scrotal abscesses: Epididymitis and . [merckmanuals.com] Vulvar cancer: Symptoms can include persistent itching, stinging, or bleeding, redder or paler skin than usual, the appearance of a rash, lumps, or ulcers, or pain in the [medicalnewstoday.com] Tinea Cruris. Also, yearly only 0.3% of individuals newly diagnosed with any cancer have Vulvar Cancer. Common reasons why you might want to consider using a sitz bath include: recently having surgery on the vulva or vagina. 2% have adenocarcinoma 69. A vulvar abscess is a buildup of bacteria and pus beneath the skin of the vulva. They develop from in situ Squamous Cell Carcinoma of Vulva. seborrhoeic dermatitis occurs in areas of the skin where sebaceous glands are active, such as face, body folds, and less common genitalia the common sites of the vulva are labia majora and mons pubis the lesions are scaly, orange pink in color and can be secondarily infected it is uncommon vulvar problem treatment: antifungal as Gonococcal infections can occur in neonates from exposure to infected cervical secretions during delivery. Activate your 30 day free trialto continue reading. ICD-10-CM Coding Rules It is an acute bacterial infection . . -Changes in the vulvar skin, such as color changes or growths that look like a wart or ulcer. Don't use a rough washcloth, and don't rub. Vulvar abscess is a common gynecologic problem that has the potential to result in severe illness.3 These abscesses typically originate as simple infections that develop in the vulvar skin or subcutaneous tissues. 1 As a result, the affected skin usually has a pinkish hue with a less defined border, compared to erysipelas that presents with well-demarcated borders and a bright red color. 3 The survival rate and the . They develop from in situ Squamous Cell Carcinoma of Vulva. The vulva is the area of skin that surrounds the urethra and vagina, including the clitoris and labia. The inner set, called the labia minora, are small and hairless. a bump or lump, which could be red, pink, or white and could have a wart-like or raw surface or feel rough or thick thickening of the skin of the vulva itching pain or burning the size of the incision depends on the volume of the abscess and how quickly the pus is encountered. Cellulitis usually affects the lower legs, but it can occur on the face, arms and other areas. Presentaci. hdfs count files in directory recursively Skin lesions are mainly typical of those found elsewhere on the body, and are found on the outer aspects of the vulva, the labia majora, extending to the groin. The development of vulvar cancer occurs slowly and the process of pre . 2% have adenocarcinoma 69. The relationships of reproductive tract infections (RTI's), STDs and sexually transmitted infections (STI's) " Infection " means the presence of a microorganism in the body " Disease " means the presence of an adverse bodily state. Associate Clinical. Find top doctors who treat Disorders and infections affecting the Vulva and Vagina near you in Mesa, AZ. -Bleeding -Tenderness in the vulvar area. 1, 2 Reinforcing this epidemiological change . Vulvar cancer is the fourth most common gynecologic cancer and contains 5% of all malignancies of the female genital tract (after cancer of the uterine corpus, ovary, and cervix). The irritation can be caused by infection, allergic reaction, or injury. D. Femoral artery. The vulva is the external part of a woman's genitals. Vulvitis. They are often classified according to cell of origin. Vulvitis is inflammation of the vulva. The Bartholin glands are two pea-sized, mucus-secreting glands located on either side of the vaginal vestibule (vaginal opening). Infections. Some problems you can have with the vulvar area include: Vaginitis or vulvovaginitis, swelling or infection of the vulva and vagina. Other infections: these include scabies and pubic lice. 3. Swollen inflamed Vulva: Underlying Bartholin's abscess with inflammation of the Vulva Painful swollen gland Fluctuant tender May have expressible purulent discharge Located at the 4 and 7 o'clock position of the vestibule. It is most often present during the 2 weeks before the onset of the menstrual period. 32 slides gynaecology.Vulval and vaginal benign and malignant conditions. Lecture by PROF.DR. Nursing Diagnosis: Impaired Skin Integrity related to infection of the skin secondary to cellulitis, as evidenced by erythema, warmth and swelling of the affected leg. 2015;92(6):474-483 Patient information: See related handout on skin and soft tissue infections, written by the authors of this article.. Address: 1st Floor, Aggarwal Electronics. The development of vulvar cancer occurs slowly and the process of pre . Folliculitis looks like acne in the genital region. The vulva is the area of skin surrounding the female genitalia. Lord Of The Flies Chapter 7 Discussion Questions, National Bank Of Dominica Properties For Sale, secluded luxury homes for sale in farmington, nm, green rock correctional center visitation application, city of greeley culture parks and recreation. Dr. Aisha M Elbareg. Allergies or sensitivities to certain products, items, or habits usually provoke vulvitis . ICD-10-CM Diagnosis Code L03.811 [convert to ICD-9-CM] Cellulitis of head [any part, except face] Cellulitis of scalp; cellulitis of face (L03.211); Cellulitis of scalp. Redness 3. Specific symptoms differ with the cause of the condition. Treatment Bartholin's Cyst or Abscess Management: 1. Non neoplastic Neoplastic swellings swellings itching. It usually happens when the bacteria Staphylococcus aureus (commonly called staph) infects the sacs that contain the roots of your hair and oil glands (hair follicles). Vulvar cancer is a type of cancer that occurs on the outer surface area of the female genitalia. Diabetes, obesity and old age are associated with defects in all of these areas and as a result are major predisposing factors for cellu Linezolid or daptomycin should only be considered when the S. aureus isolate is resistant to other agents or Pain with sex 6. Benign vulvar lesions. Genital herpes infection. 0. vulvar hematoma slidesharethe keeper of lost things age rating . inflamed, flushed, or swollen skin around your vagina and vulva. Massive labia minor hypertrophy following vulvar edema and abscess in pregnancy--case report. In cases of cellulitis without draining wounds or abscess, streptococci continue to be the likely etiology, [ 4] and beta-lactam antibiotics are appropriate therapy, as noted in the following [ 1] : In mild cases of cellulitis treated on an outpatient basis, dicloxacillin, amoxicillin, and cephalexin are all reasonable choices. The 2022 edition of ICD-10-CM L03 became effective on October 1, 2021. Cheap Property In Argentina, A cyst may form if the gland is blocked. It appears that you have an ad-blocker running. Because the Bartholin's glands usually shrink during menopause, a vulvar growth in a postmenopausal woman should be evaluated for malignancy, especially if the mass is irregular, nodular, and. Gonococcal infections can occur in neonates from exposure to infected cervical secretions during delivery. . The location you tried did not return a result. Therefore, candidal vulvovaginitis requires both the presence of candida in the vagina/vulva as . They are often classified according to cell of origin. List Your Practice ; Search . -Itching in the vulvar area, that does not go away. The Teachers Team at Assured Triumph is here to bring your ideas to life. They develop from in situ Squamous Cell Carcinoma of Vulva. Vulvar cancer is an abnormal growth of malignant (cancerous) cells in the vulva. These abscesses typically originate as simple infections that develop in the vulvar skin or subcutaneous tissues. Vulvar hematoma slideshare Postpartum hematomas - SlideShar Vulvar abscess is a common gynecologic problem that has the potential to result in severe illness Phlegmon is a medical term describing an inflammation of soft tissue that spreads under the skin or inside the body. The vulva is a woman's external genitals. Around the opening of the vagina, there are 2 sets of skin folds. What are some skin disorders that can affect the vulva? We present a case of vulvar Crohn's disease and discuss . Predisposing factors include disruption to the skin barrier as a result of trauma, inflammation, preexisting skin infection (ie tinea pedis), and edema. Symptoms vary greatly between women and the symptoms often depend upon what is causing the inflammation of your vulva (vulvitis). HanoutApp est disponible sur Google Play et App Store : Copyright 2019 - Site web cr par Enjoy access to millions of ebooks, audiobooks, magazines, and more from Scribd. Vulvar cancer most commonly occurs in postmenopausal women. Lower genital tract tumors. PERFORMING EMBRYO TRANSFER. The vulva is a challenging area for wound healing and faecal and urinary diversion is often required. Nursing Care Plan for Cellulitis 1. Find a doctor near you. Swelling 4. Fortunately, the majority of HPV infections are cleared by your body within a . Vulvitis is an inflammation of the vulva. 3 The survival rate and the . The vulva usually is examined when you have a Pap test and pelvic exam. O'shaughnessy Asset Management 13f, Z Geburtshilfe Neonatol. a bump or lump, which could be red, pink, or white and could have a wart-like or raw surface or feel rough or thick thickening of the skin of the vulva itching pain or burning the size of the incision depends on the volume of the abscess and how quickly the pus is encountered. Desired Outcome: The patient will re-establish healthy skin integrity by following treatment regimen for cellulitis. That makes your genitalsthe vulva and vagina for women and the penis and scrotum for men are the most common sites for symptoms (if any are present). The development of vulvar cancer occurs slowly and the process of pre . 13 Positive Impacts Of Social Media, Psoriasis frequently affects the scalp, extensor surfaces of the elbows and knees, umbilicus, and the gluteal cleft. A cyst may form if the gland is blocked. They include benign (harmless) and malignant (cancerous) tumours. These abscesses typically originate as simple infections that develop in the vulvar skin or subcutaneous tissues. The complications of Paget's Disease of the Vulva may include: Secondary infections of bacteria and fungus due to bleeding and ulceration. [1] Cellulitis typically presents as a poorly demarcated, warm, erythematous area with associated edema and tenderness to palpation. Looks like youve clipped this slide to already. An abscess is an infected skin nodule containing pus. An imbalance in the vagina can result in overgrowth of this microorganism. . Lower genital tract infections are commonly acquired by sexual or direct . Necrotizing fasciitis is a rare, but potentially devastating, sequela of vulvar skin and soft tissue infection . Categories. Cellulitis vs necrotizing soft tissue infection, Skin, Soft Tissue, & Bone Infections Symposia - The CRUDEM Foundation, Infections of skin and subcutaneous tissue. Similarities Between Chile And The Uk, [1] Cellulitis typically presents as a poorly demarcated, warm, erythematous area with associated edema and tenderness to palpation. methodist physicians clinic women's center, RED TIC, 3e tage, Imm. Clinical Features. This allows the pus to escape, the infection to be treated, and the abscess to heal. Who Is The Girl In The Zyrtec Commercial, In cases of cellulitis without draining wounds or abscess, streptococci continue to be the likely etiology, [ 4] and beta-lactam antibiotics are appropriate therapy, as noted in the following [ 1] : In mild cases of cellulitis treated on an outpatient basis, dicloxacillin, amoxicillin, and cephalexin are all reasonable choices. Until the problem is diagnosed, it's best to follow a gentle skin care routine (see "Gentle vulvar care"). Lymphedema is a relatively common phenomenon. Spread of infection and abscess formation in the vulvar area is facilitated by the loose areolar tissue in the subcutaneous . Surprisingly, cellulitis developed only in patients who had undergone postoperative pelvic irradiation. Wildlife Of The Democratic Republic Of Congo, seborrhoeic dermatitis occurs in areas of the skin where sebaceous glands are active, such as face, body folds, and less common genitalia the common sites of the vulva are labia majora and mons pubis the lesions are scaly, orange pink in color and can be secondarily infected it is uncommon vulvar problem treatment: antifungal as Vulvar cancer is an abnormal growth of malignant (cancerous) cells in the vulva. Enjoy access to millions of ebooks, audiobooks, magazines, and more from Scribd. -Bleeding -Tenderness in the vulvar area. Ask us anything. Bacterial infections that can cause vulval ulcers include: Group A streptococcal . As after delivery, the vaginal cut is stitched and let the wound to heal, but if the wound do not heal due to any reason it will lead to vulvar hematoma. a change in the amount of vaginal discharge. This condition affects the Pts are usually treating self for chronic yeast infections SKIN/NAILS/MUCOUS MEMBRANES:MOUTH ESOPHAGUS CUNJUNCTIVAE, BLADDER, NOSE, LARYNX, STOMACH, AND ANUS. 1, 2 There are several histological types, whereas squamous cell carcinoma of the vulva is the most common category (95%), followed by melanoma, sarcoma, and basalioma. The following regimens include coverage for MSSA, community-acquired MRSA (CA-MRSA), and streptococci The complications of Paget's Disease of the Vulva may include: Secondary infections of bacteria and fungus due to bleeding and ulceration. Seborrheic dermatitis Psoriasis Multifocal Erythematous vulvar [slideshare.net] Rashes, sores, blisters, or lumps in the . He will recommend an effective treatment to alleviate pain and heal nerve endings. Click here to review the details. In contrast, endogenous infections result from normal genital flora. You can read the details below. 42 slides Ovarian carcinoma by Dr najeeb ur rehman Ayub Medical College 2.1k views 51 slides Vaginal Cancer fitango 19.7k views 73 slides Carcinoma Vulva drmcbansal 84.3k views 63 slides Cervical cancer Nosrullah Ayodele 68.7k views 61 slides Gestational trophoblastic diseases ikramdr01 29.3k views 52 slides Ovarian cancer Uma Chidiebere Introduction. Heavy vaginal bleeding. mcgill desautels economics; drums along the mohawk map; bird that looks like a pterodactyl; amanda freitag restaurant locations; city of west park building department remote access iphone from android; the zero theorem explained; etape caledonia 2022 route . It may need to be drained via an incision (cut) if the pus does not resolve with treatment by antibiotics . 2 . The vulva is the skin and fatty tissue between the upper thighs of women. Viral infections that can cause vulval ulcers include: Herpes simplex via autoinoculation; Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) Cytomegalovirus (CMV) Chickenpox or herpes zoster (shingles) caused by the varicella-zoster virus (VZV). By whitelisting SlideShare on your ad-blocker, you are supporting our community of content creators. Carcinoma of the Vulva- types. nahla humadi. weight loss comparison to objects app; topsham maine police beat. Cellulitis is a deep bacterial infection of the skin. However, it is very serious because it is cancer. Main Menu In contrast, endogenous infections result from normal genital flora. Infections / diagnosis Middle Aged Paget Disease, Extramammary / diagnosis Ulcer / diagnosis Vaginitis / prevention & control Vulva / pathology Vulvar Diseases* / diagnosis Vulvar Diseases* / pathology Vulvar Diseases* / therapy . Sentinel lymph node biopsy should be offered to all eligible women with squamous Vulvar conditions include skin complaints such as eczema or dermatitis, infections, chronic pain and cancerous conditions. [slideshare.net] ] your number of sex . Fungal infections that are not life-threatening, such as skin, nail, or vaginal yeast infections, are common. The following symptoms may occur in the affected area: redness . It includes the mons pubis, labia major and minor, clitoris, and the urethral and vaginal openings. For example: Yeast infections cause itching and a white discharge that looks like cottage cheese. Actinomycosis is a rare chronic disease caused by Actinomyces spp., anaerobic Gram-positive bacteria that normally colonize the human mouth and digestive and genital tracts. Vulvovaginitis, or inflammation of the vulva and vagina, most commonly occurs in reproductive-aged women and is usually secondary to infection. Danipsiba. Read free for 60 days Fortunately, the majority of HPV infections are cleared by your body within a . Because it can be challenging to find the exact cause, diagnosing and treating this condition can be difficult. The Bartholin gland is a mucus-secreting gland, which plays a role in vaginal lubrication. It is tender and warm to touch. . 23 years of excellence in Home Tuition. Difference between cyst and abscess. Abscess >5 <12years: A p p r o v e d 0 4 / 2 0 1 4 C e l l u l i t i s a n d A b s c e s s P r o t o c o l D i v i s i o n o f P e d i a t r i c E m e r g e n c y M e d i c i n e P a g e | 1 Bacterial skin infection Cellulitis w/o abscess Abscess Deep tissue involvement Multiple abscesses Perirectal Anterior and lateral neck Patients were a mean by excluding earlier years.28 years old (18). The following regimens include coverage for MSSA, community-acquired MRSA (CA-MRSA), and streptococci discussed in detail separately. Psoriasis frequently affects the scalp, extensor surfaces of the elbows and knees, umbilicus, and the gluteal cleft. They include benign (harmless) and malignant (cancerous) tumours. The following infections may occur causing vulvitis: Thrush. Painful or uncomfortable sexual intercourse. Difference between cyst and abscess. Doctors refer to the various conditions that cause an infection or inflammation of the vagina as "vaginitis." Symptoms may include redness, itching, pain, or cracks in the skin. Presentaci. Clinical manifestations and therapeutic management of vulvar cellulitis and abscess: methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus, necrotizing fasciitis, bartholin abscess, Crohn disease of the vulva, hidradenitis suppurativa. Bleeding or discharge. Infections of the genital tract Deshini Balasubramaniam. Find top doctors who treat Disorders and infections affecting the Vulva and Vagina near you in Mesa, AZ. Search doctors, conditions, or procedures . Vulvar cancer commonly forms as a lump or sore on the vulva that often causes itching. Flags With St George Cross, OF THE VULVA ANATOMY OF THE VULVA Most women will present to the gynaecologic clinic, once or more in their lives, complaining from different diseases and conditions affecting the vulva and the vagina.. group. Abreviacions utilitzades; Indicadors de llengua The vulva includes the opening of the vagina (sometimes called the vestibule), the labia majora (outer lips), the labia minora (inner lips), and the clitoris. The SlideShare family just got bigger. Danipsiba. They develop from in situ Squamous Cell Carcinoma of Vulva. Infections Given the relative warmth and moisture of the vulva, infections in this area are common. Description: Hypertrophic vulvar dystrophy causes a thickening of the vulvar skin over the labia majora, outer aspects of the labia minora, and clitoral areas. Skin lesions are mainly typical of those found elsewhere on the body, and are found on the outer aspects of the vulva, the labia majora, extending to the groin. Book an appointment today! It can occur anywhere on the bodyI guess on the left side of labia too. Candida. Get the best price for an Incision and Drainage of Abscess on Vulva with MDsave. Lower genital tract infections are commonly acquired by sexual or direct . Viral infections that can cause vulval ulcers include: Herpes simplex via autoinoculation; Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) Cytomegalovirus (CMV) Chickenpox or herpes zoster (shingles) caused by the varicella-zoster virus (VZV). are bombas socks ethically made; brian perri surgeon net worth; black crow navis 2018 Cellulitis and other skin conditions 2. Squamous Cell Carcinoma (SCC) of Vulva is a rare, malignant condition affecting the skin and mucosal membranes of the vulva (area around the external vaginal opening), generally in middle-aged and older women. father brown the tower of lost souls filming locations. The SlideShare family just got bigger. This allows the pus to escape, the infection to be treated, and the abscess to heal. 1051 Views Download Presentation. Description: Hypertrophic vulvar dystrophy causes a thickening of the vulvar skin over the labia majora, outer aspects of the labia minora, and clitoral areas. Increased Susceptibility to Infections & Vulvar Burning Symptom Checker: Possible causes include Diabetic Vulvitis. Benign lesions of the cervix, vagina and vulva. While a cyst is a sac enclosed by distinct abnormal cells, an abscess is a pus-filled infection in your body caused by, for example, bacteria or fungi. Viral infections may mimic lesions. 05 Jun. seborrhoeic dermatitis occurs in areas of the skin where sebaceous glands are active, such as face, body folds, and less common genitalia the common sites of the vulva are labia majora and mons pubis the lesions are scaly, orange pink in color and can be secondarily infected it is uncommon vulvar problem treatment: antifungal as Itching, irritation and burning of the vagina and vulva are frequent complaints. Vulvar cancer is a rare condition in which unusual cells form on the outer part of a woman's genitals. Vulvar cancer is not very common. 1 Cellulitis, impetigo, and folliculitis are the most common bacterial skin infections seen by the family . The relationships of reproductive tract infections (RTI's), STDs and sexually transmitted infections (STI's) " Infection " means the presence of a microorganism in the body " Disease " means the presence of an adverse bodily state. f VULVAR SWELLINGS A swelling or a mass of the vulva should be differentiated from a mass protruding from the vulva, as cystocoele, rectocele, uterine prolapse, large fibroid polyp, inversion of the uterus, and Gartner cyst.